Basic Audit Reporting Tool

 Basic Audit Reporting Tool (BART)

A propose auditing. There is a small but cool tool in Solaris. It solves the problem of "No,i haven't changed anything on the system". It's called BART, the Basic Audit Reporting Tool. It a really simple tool and it's really easy to use.

Usage

Okay, let's assume after some days of work you _nally con_gured all components of your

new system. Okay, create a nice place to store the output of the bart tool. After this

you start bart for the _rst time to create the _rst manifest of your system.

# mkdir /bart – files

# bart create -R /etc > /bart - files /etc. control . manifest

The manifest stores all informations about the _les. This is the example for the

<code>/etc/nsswitch.nisplus</code>:

# cat etc. control . manifest | grep "/ nsswitch . nisplus "

/ nsswitch . nisplus F 2525 100644 user ::rw -, group ::r--, mask :r--,

other :r-- 473976 b5 0 3 79 e8fd689a5221d1cd059e5077da71b8

Now lets change some files:

# touch /etc/ thisisjustatest

# chmod 777 /etc/ nsswitch . files

# echo "# just a test " >> /etc/ nsswitch . nisplus

Okay, enough changes. Let's create a new manifest of the changed /etc. Pipe it to a

di_erent _le.

# bart create -R /etc > /bart - files /etc. check20080202 . manifest

Now we can compare the baseline manifest with the actual manifest.

# cd /bart - files

# bart compare etc. control . manifest etc. check20080202 . manifest

134

14 Basic Audit Reporting Tool

This command prints all di_erences between the two manifests and thus the di_erence

between the tow states of the system

/ nsswitch . files :

mode control :100644 test :100777

acl control : user ::rw -, group ::r--, mask :r--, other :r-- test :

user :: rwx , group :: rwx , mask :rwx , other :rwx

/ nsswitch . nisplus :

size control :2525 test :2538

mtime control :473976 b5 test :47 a44862

contents control :79 e8fd689a5221d1cd059e5077da71b8 test :3

f79176ec352441db11ec8a3d02ef67c

/ thisisjustatest :

Add

 A really nice tool.
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How to Find and Download Solaris Patchsets and Bundles in MOS

How to Find and Download Solaris Patchsets and Bundles in MOS

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1.Go to My Oracle Support Portal

2.Select the 'Patches & Updates' tab

3.In the 'Patch Search' frame, click on 'Recommended Patch Advisor'

4.In 'Product' drop down list, enter 'Solaris' to see the option for 'Oracle Solaris'

5. In the next line, 'Release', click on the down arrow right and check the Release(s) you need.

6a. In the next line, click the down arrow right of the button which by default shows 'Platform' and select 'Type'.

The Customized Way to Find and Save Each Patchset Type

1.Go to My Oracle Support Portal

2.Select the 'Patches & Updates' Tab

3.On the left, under 'Oracle Servers and Tools', Select 'Latest Patchsets'
(Open Patching Quick Links if necessary)

4.Select 'Advanced Search'

5.In front of 'Product Family', Click the Flashlight and enter "Solaris op"

6.Check 'Solaris Operating System (Solaris)', go down and hit 'Select' button.

7.In front of 'Release', Click the Flashlight and select the Release you want , go down and hit 'Select' button.

8.In front of 'Platform or Language', Select your platform

9.In front of 'Patch Type', Select 'Patchset/Minipack'

10.Hit 'Go' and go down to see the results.

PHP 5.6.4 installation-solaris

PHP 5.6.4 installation-solaris

1.       Software link

              http://php.net/downloads.php

2.       installation procedure and requirements.

        Requirements :

·                                                                                autoconf-2.13

·                                                                               automake-1.4

·                                                                               bison-1_25-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                               flex-2_5_4a-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                               gcc-2_95_2-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                               gzip-1.2.4-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                                m4-1_4-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                                make-3_76_1-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                              mysql-3.23.24-beta (if you want mysql support)

·                                                                              perl-5_005_03-sol26-sparc-local

·                                                                              tar-1.13 (GNU tar)

     Installation Procedure:

1. unzip and extract the  php software.

2. cd /usr/local/php-5.6.4/

3. run the below depends on the requirement.

CC=/usr/bin/gcc CFLAGS="-std=gnu99" ./configure --enable-libgcc --enable-opcache=no

CC=/usr/bin/gcc CFLAGS="-std=gnu99" ./configure --enable-libgcc --enable-opcache=no --enable-libxml –-without-pear

Note : you may change the config parameters .

4. Run make (sample output)

 

5. Run make test

6. Run make install (sample output)

 

7. finally set the path.

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin/

export PATH

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For Online and Class Room Training:-

Our UNIX and Linux/Solaris training courses provide the skills to manage data, execute commands, administer and customize your Linux and UNIX environment.

Please Contact us: +91-8179101478, 8686025550

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

                                                                                                                                                Thank you.

                                                                                                                                                Sandeep.k

What is Virtualization

1.1 What is the History of Virtualization?

The concept of virtualization is generally believed to have its origins in the mainframe days in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when IBM invested a lot of time and effort in developing robust time-sharing solutions. Time-sharing refers to the shared usage of computer resources among a large group of users, aiming to increase the efficiency of both the users and the expensive computer resources they share. This model represented a major breakthrough in computer technology: the cost of providing computing capability dropped considerably and it became possible for organizations, and even individuals, to use a computer without actually owning one. Similar reasons are driving virtualization for industry standard computing today: the capacity in a single server is so large that it is almost impossible for most workloads to effectively use it. The best way to improve resource utilization, and at the same time simplify data center management, is through virtualization.
Data centers today use virtualization techniques to provide abstraction from the physical hardware, create large aggregated pools of logical resources consisting of CPUs, memory, disks, file storage, applications, networking, and offer those resources to users or customers in the form of agile, scalable, consolidated virtual machines. Even though the technology and use cases have evolved, the core meaning of virtualization remains the same: to enable a computing environment to run multiple independent systems at the same time.

1.2 Why use Virtualization?

There are many different good reasons for companies and organizations to invest in virtualization today, but it is probably safe to assume that financial motivation is number one on the list: virtualization can save a lot of money. Below is an overview of the key benefits of virtualization.
Resource optimization, Consolidation, Maximizing Uptime, Automatically Protect Applications from Server Failure, Easily Migrate Workloads as Needs Change, Protect Investment in Existing, Legacy Systems.

1.3 What are Hypervisors?

If virtualization is defined as enabling multiple operating systems to run on a single host computer, then the essential component in the virtualization stack is the hypervisor. This hypervisor, also called Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), creates a virtual platform on the host computer, on top of which multiple guest operating systems are executed and monitored. This way, multiple operating systems, which are either multiple instances of the same operating system, or different operating systems, can share the hardware resources offered by the host.
native or bare metal

Native hypervisors are software systems that run directly on the host's hardware to control the hardware, and to monitor the guest operating systems. Consequently, the guest operating system runs on a separate level above the hypervisor. Examples of this classic implementation of virtual machine architecture are Oracle VM, Microsoft Hyper-V, VMware ESXi and Xen.

Hosted
Hosted hypervisors are designed to run within a traditional operating system. In other words, a hosted hypervisor adds a distinct software layer on top of the host operating system, and the guest operating system becomes a third software level above the hardware. A well-known example of a hosted hypervisor is Oracle VM VirtualBox. Others include VMware Server and Workstation, Microsoft Virtual PC, KVM, QEMU and Parallels.

1.4 What Features Does Oracle VM Provide?

This section gives an overview of the Oracle VM Manager features used to manage Oracle VM Servers, virtual machines, storage repositories, networks, and resources. Oracle VM Manager provides the following main capabilities:

·         Manages the physical Oracle VM Servers and can, for example, reboot or rediscover the physical hardware.

·         Creates and configures server pools.

·         Creates and manages Oracle VM Server logical networks, for example, NIC port bonding, and configuring VLAN networks.

·         Manages storage devices such as local disks, SAN storage and Network File Servers.

·         Creates and manages storage repositories.

·         Manages resources, including ISO files, virtual machine templates, virtual machine images, and virtual machine assemblies.

·         Manages the virtual machines. This includes creating virtual machines from either installation media or from templates, starting, logging in, shutting down, and deleting virtual machines.

·         Imports, clones and migrates virtual machines.

·         Performs load balancing of virtual machines in server pools.

·         Manages jobs in the Oracle VM environment.

·         Manages policies such as High Availability, Distributed Resource Scheduling, and Distributed Power Management.